DAY ONE- Monday 7 March

• Introduction and Objectives
  - Outline course objectives
  - Icebreaker to introduce delegates
  - Course methodology – interactive lectures, discussion, individual and group exercises
• Introduction to Product Blending
  - Why blending of products is necessary and important, and its impact on the economics of refining
  - Significance of specifications, testing precision, blending margins
  - Concept of linear and non-linear blending
• Fuel Oil Blending
  - European and Bunker fuel specifications
  - Fuel oil test methods, significance for fuel performance, and critical blending parameters
  - Concept of Blending Indices
  - Fuel oil stability
• Exercise 1 - Fuel Oil Blending & Economics
  - Determine the optimum fuel oil blend, and then calculating the cost of correcting the blend
  - Valuing all of the potential fluxes
• Jet Blending
  - Jet specifications
  - Jet test methods and significance for fuel performance
  - How CDU cut points change flash and freeze points

DAY TWO- Tuesday 8 March

• Diesel Blending
  - European and US specifications
  - Diesel test methods, significance for fuel performance and critical blending parameters
  - Additives to improve cold weather performance
• Exercise 2 - Diesel Blending & Economics
  - There’s more to it than just sulphur
  - How much LCO can be blended into diesel?
• Bio-Diesel
  - A threat or a promise?
  - Green diesel, GTL
• What happens if you get it wrong?
  - Fuel Oil, Jet/Avgas, Diesel

DAY THREE- Wednesday 9 March

• Gasoline Blending
  - European and US Specifications
  - Gasoline test methods, significance for fuel performance and critical blending parameters
  - Oxygenates (MTBE and Ethanol)
  - US gasoline RBOB - will this happen in Europe
• Exercise - Gasoline Blending & Economics
  - Whys is gasoline more difficult to blend in 2009 than in the past?
  - Calculate a blend to meet European spec gasoline when Ethanol is added at the depot
• What happens when you get it wrong?
  - Gasoline
• Feedstock Blending
  - Why blend crude oil and how
  - Changing cutpoints vs blending components
• Blending Technology in the Refinery
  - Software and systems for blending
  - Where does blend planning fit into the overall scheme
  - Tank, farm hardware - Tank blending, in line ration control blending, in-line property control
  - Mixing, Sampling and analysis
  - Reblending ad correcting
  
• Performance Monitoring
  - If it's never off-spec then the margins are too big
  - The costs of quality giveaway and choosing the wrong components